Irene Laskarina
Irene Laskarina | |
---|---|
Seal of Irene Laskarina | |
Empress consort of Nicaea | |
Tenure | 1222–1240 |
Died | 1240 |
Spouse | Andronikos Palaiologos John III Doukas Vatatzes |
Issue | Theodore II Vatatzes |
House | Laskaris |
Father | Theodore I Laskaris |
Mother | Anna Angelina |
Irene Laskarina (born c. 1194-1199 CE, died 1240 CE) (Greek: Εἰρήνη Λασκαρίνα, Eirēnē Laskarina) was Empress consort of Nicaea.[1][2] She was a daughter of Theodore I Laskaris,[3] emperor of Nicaea and Anna Komnene Angelina. Her maternal grandparents were Alexios III Angelos and Euphrosyne Doukaina Kamatera.[4] Her sister, Maria Laskarina, married Béla IV of Hungary.
In 1204 CE, during Irene Laskarina's childhood, the city of Constantinople fell to a Crusader army during the Sack of Constantinople.[1] Much of the nobility, including Irene's family, fled, and re-established a capitol in Nicaea; this became the Nicaean empire.[1]
Irene first married the general Andronikos Palaiologos, and after his death became the wife of Theodore's designated successor, the future John III Doukas Vatatzes[3] in 1212.[2][5] They had a son, the future Theodore II Laskaris. After the latter's birth, she fell from a horse and was so badly injured that she was unable to have any more children. She retired to a convent, taking the monastic name Eugenia, and died there in summer of 1240, some fourteen years before her husband.[6]
Irene is praised by historians[like whom?] for her modesty and prudence and is said to have brought about by her example a considerable improvement in the morals of her nation.[3]
Notes
- ^ a b c Sweeney, Naoíse Mac (2023-05-23). The West: A New History in Fourteen Lives. Penguin. ISBN 978-0-593-47219-4.
- ^ a b Saint-Guillain, Guillaume (2016-09-17). Identities and Allegiances in the Eastern Mediterranean after 1204. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-11913-5.
- ^ a b c "Theodore Lascaris s.v. Irene Lascaris" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 23 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 766.
- ^ "The Aristocracy and the Empire of Nicaea", Identities and Allegiances in the Eastern Mediterranean after 1204, Routledge, pp. 87–98, 2016-09-17, doi:10.4324/9781315587738-13, ISBN 978-1-315-58773-8, retrieved 2024-08-20
- ^ Monte, Francesco Maria del (2024-06-22). Byzanz in Trümmern: Strategien und Widerstand der byzantinischen Staaten nach dem vierten Kreuzzug (in German). tredition. ISBN 978-3-384-26935-5.
- ^ Murata, Koji; Ichikawa, Kohei; Fujii, Yuri I.; Hayakawa, Hisashi; Cheng, Yongchao; Kawamoto, Yukiko; Sano, Hidetoshi (2021), "Cometary records revise Eastern Mediterranean chronology around 1240 CE", Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan, 73: 197–204, arXiv:2012.00976, doi:10.1093/pasj/psaa114
Irene Laskarina Born: ? Died: 1240 | ||
Royal titles | ||
---|---|---|
Preceded by | Empress consort of Nicaea 1221–1240 | Succeeded by |
- v
- t
- e
27 BC – AD 235
- Livia
- Livia Orestilla
- Lollia Paulina
- Milonia Caesonia
- Messalina
- Agrippina the Younger
- Claudia Octavia
- Poppaea Sabina
- Statilia Messalina
- Galeria Fundana
- Domitia Longina
- Pompeia Plotina
- Vibia Sabina
- Faustina the Elder
- Faustina the Younger
- Lucilla
- Bruttia Crispina
- Flavia Titiana
- Manlia Scantilla
- Julia Domna (w. Fulvia Plautilla)
- Julia Cornelia Paula
- Aquilia Severa
- Annia Faustina
- Sallustia Orbiana
235–285
284–610
- Prisca
- Eutropia
- Galeria Valeria
- Flavia Maximiana Theodora
- Minervina (?)
- Fausta
- Valeria Maximilla
- Flavia Julia Constantia
- Eusebia
- Faustina
- Helena
- Charito
- Marina Severa
- Justina
- Domnica
- Constantia
- Laeta
- Aelia Flaccilla
- Galla
Western Empire 395–480 | |
---|---|
Eastern Empire 395–610 |
|
Byzantine Empire
610–1453
- Fabia Eudokia
- Martina
- Gregoria
- Fausta
- Anastasia
- Eudokia
- Theodora of Khazaria
- Maria
- Tzitzak
- Maria
- Eudokia
- Anna
- Irene of Athens
- Maria of Amnia
- Theodote
- Theophano of Athens
- Prokopia
- Theodosia
- Thekla
- Euphrosyne
- Theodora
- Eudokia Dekapolitissa
- Eudokia Ingerina
- Theophano Martinakia
- Zoe Zaoutzaina
- Eudokia Baïana
- Zoe Karbonopsina
- Helena Lekapene
- Theodora
- Theophano
- Theodora
- Helena
- Zoë
- Theodora
- Catherine of Bulgaria
- Eudokia Makrembolitissa
- Maria of Alania
- Irene Doukaina
- Irene of Hungary (w. Dobrodeia of Kiev)
- Bertha of Sulzbach
- Maria of Antioch
- Agnes of France
- Margaret of Hungary
- Euphrosyne Doukaina Kamatera
- Eudokia Angelina
- Anna Komnene Angelina
- Philippa of Armenia
- Maria of Courtenay
- Irene Laskarina
- Anna of Hohenstaufen
- Elena Asenina of Bulgaria
- Theodora Palaiologina (w. Anna of Hungary)
- Irene of Montferrat
- Rita of Armenia
- Irene of Brunswick
- Anna of Savoy
- Helena Kantakouzene
- Irene Asanina (w. Irene Palaiologina)
- Keratsa of Bulgaria
- Irene Gattilusio
- Helena Dragaš (w. Anna of Moscow)
- Sophia of Montferrat
- Maria of Trebizond