List of the Jesuit Missions of Chiquitos
The following table summarizes the history of foundings and relocations of the Jesuit Missions of Chiquitos.[1][2]
Settlement[nb 1] | Founded, Relocated (reason) | Founders | Indians | Languages[3] | Comments | Province | Coordinates | Image |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
San José de Chiquitos | 1698 | Felipe Suárez, Fr. Dionisio Ávila | Penoquis | Chiquitano (Penoqui) | Chiquitos Province | 17°51′0″S 60°45′0″W / 17.85000°S 60.75000°W / -17.85000; -60.75000 | ||
San Rafael de Velasco | 1695, 1701 (epidemic), 1705 (epidemic), 1719 (fire), 1750 | Juan Bautista Zea, Francisco Hervás | Chiquitano | José Miguel de Velasco Province | 16°47′13″S 60°40′26″W / 16.7869°S 60.6738°W / -16.7869; -60.6738 | |||
San Javier | 1691, 1696 (incursion of Paulistas; relocated to the San Miguel River), 1698 (Paulistas; relocated closer to Santa Cruz), 1708 (Spanish from Santa Cruz capturing Indians; relocated away from Santa Cruz) | José de Arce, (Antonio de Rivas?) | Piñocas | Chiquitano (Piñoco) | Ñuflo de Chávez Province | 16°16′29″S 62°30′26″W / 16.2748°S 62.5072°W / -16.2748; -62.5072 | ||
San Miguel de Velasco | 1721 | Felipe Suárez, (Francisco Hervás) | Migueleño Chiquitano | Founded because San Rafael was growing too big | José Miguel de Velasco Province | 16°41′54.96″S 60°58′5.16″W / 16.6986000°S 60.9681000°W / -16.6986000; -60.9681000 | ||
Concepción | 1699, 1707, 1708, 1722 | Francisco Lucas Caballero, Francisco Hervás | Chiquitanos | Chiquitano (Bésɨro) | Ñuflo de Chávez Province | 16°07′55″S 62°01′34″W / 16.13194°S 62.02611°W / -16.13194; -62.02611 | ||
Santa Ana de Velasco | 1755 | Julian Knogler | Covarecas and Curuminacas | Otuke (Covareca, Curuminaca) | José Miguel de Velasco Province | 16°35′1″S 60°41′16″W / 16.58361°S 60.68778°W / -16.58361; -60.68778 | ||
San Ignacio de Velasco | 1748 | Diego Contreras, Michael Streicher (also known as Areijer) | Ugaraños | Ignaciano Chiquitano | Partially settled by inhabitants of former San Ignacio de Zamucos | José Miguel de Velasco Province | 16°22′0″S 60°57′0″W / 16.36667°S 60.95000°W / -16.36667; -60.95000 | |
San Juan Bautista | 1699, 1705 (epidemic)-closed,[nb 2] reopened in 1713 in a new location | Juan Bautista Zea, Juan Patricio Fernández | Suberecas, Petas, Piñocas | Chiquitano (Piñoco) | Founded because San José had grown too big | Chiquitos Province | 17°54′S 60°22′W / 17.900°S 60.367°W / -17.900; -60.367 | |
San Ignacio de Zamucos | 1716 (attempts of founding), 1723; abandoned in 1745 (fights between Zamucos and Ugarone) | Felipe Suárez, Juan Bautista Zea, Agustín Castañares | Ayoreo | Cordillera Province | 19°10′S 60°38′W / 19.167°S 60.633°W / -19.167; -60.633 | |||
Santo Corazón | 1760, 1788 | Antonio Gaspar, José Chueca | Otukes | Otuke | Ángel Sandoval Province | 17°58′S 58°48′W / 17.967°S 58.800°W / -17.967; -58.800 | ||
Santiago de Chiquitos | 1754, 1764 | Gaspar Troncoso, Gaspar Campos | Santiagueño Chiquitano | Chiquitos Province | 18°20′24″S 59°35′54″W / 18.34000°S 59.59833°W / -18.34000; -59.59833 |
See also
Notes
- ^ Missions that are recognized by UNESCO as World Heritage Sites are in bold.
- ^ The reduction would have needed to be relocated, but the Indians refused so the mission was closed.
References
- ^ Lasso Varela, Isidro José (2008-06-26). "Influencias del cristianismo entre los Chiquitanos desde la llegada de los Españoles hasta la expulsión de los Jesuitas" (in Spanish). Departamento de Historia Moderna, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia UNED. Retrieved 2009-02-03.
- ^ Groesbeck, Geoffrey A. P. (2008). "A Brief History of the Jesuit Missions of Chiquitos (eastern Bolivia)". Colonialvoyage. Archived from the original on 2009-01-06. Retrieved 2009-01-16.
- ^ Loukotka, Čestmír (1968). Classification of South American Indian languages. Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center.