Metrizoic acid
- V08AA02 (WHO)
- 3-(acetylamino)-5-[acetyl(methyl)amino]-2,4,6-triiodobenzoic acid
- 1949-45-7
- 2528
- DB09346
- 2433
- CM1N99QR1M
- C14165
- CHEBI:34847
- ChEMBL1736 Y
- DTXSID6023311
- Interactive image
- CC(=O)NC1=C(C(=C(C(=C1I)C(=O)O)I)N(C)C(=O)C)I
- InChI=1S/C12H11I3N2O4/c1-4(18)16-10-7(13)6(12(20)21)8(14)11(9(10)15)17(3)5(2)19/h1-3H3,(H,16,18)(H,20,21)
- Key:GGGDNPWHMNJRFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Metrizoic acid is a pharmaceutical drug that was used as an iodinated contrast medium for X-ray imaging. Its uses included angiography[1] (imaging of blood vessels and heart chambers) and urography[2] (imaging of the urinary tract), but it has been discontinued, at least in the US.[3]
It was used in form of its salts, metrizoates. Due to its high osmolality, metrizoic acid had a risk of inducing allergic reactions higher than that of lower osmolar contrast media.[4]
Chemistry
The iodine content of metrizoate ranged from 370 mg/ml to 440 mg/ml, with osmolarity has high as 2100 mOsm/kg. The viscosity is 3.4 cP at 37 degree Celsius (human body temperature).[5]
Adverse effects
Side effects of metrizoate are: urticaria, headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and hypotension. Other side effects include minor electrocardiographic changes such as tachycardia, bradycardia, and inversion of T waves.[6]
References
- ^ Vik-Mo H, Danielsen R, Skinningsrud K, Haider T, Bjørkhaug A (1997). "Cardiovascular and electrocardiographic effects of iopentol in left ventricular angiography. Comparison of the low-osmolar, non-ionic iopentol (Imagopaque 350) and the hyper-osmolar, ionic metrizoate meglumine-Na-Ca (Isopaque Coronar 370) in patients with coronary heart disease". European Radiology. 7 (Suppl 4): S156–S161. doi:10.1007/pl00006885. PMID 9204361. S2CID 27742637.
- ^ Zachrisson BE, Jagenburg R (1983). "Comparison of iohexol with metrizoate in urography. A single blind parallel investigation". Acta Radiologica. Supplementum. 366: 30–37. PMID 6147958.
- ^ "Metrizoic acid". DrugBank. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
- ^ "Metrizoic acid - C12H11I3N2O4". PubChem. U.S. National Library of Medicine. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
- ^ Patel R. "Applications in contrast imaging: contrast media basics - important considerations for the pharmacist" (PDF). Braco Diagnostics, Inc. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 December 2022. Retrieved 15 December 2022.
- ^ Steinberg I, Evans JA (September 1967). "Isopaque 440 (metrizoate); a new cardiovascular contrast medium. Experience with 100 consecutive cases". The American Journal of Roentgenology, Radium Therapy, and Nuclear Medicine. 101 (1): 229–233. doi:10.2214/ajr.101.1.229. PMID 4166780.
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Iodinated, Water soluble |
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Iodinated, Water insoluble |
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Non-iodinated |
Paramagnetic | |
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Superparamagnetic |
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Other |
- Microspheres of human albumin
- Microparticles of galactose
- Perflenapent
- Microspheres of phospholipids
- Sulfur hexafluoride
- #WHO-EM
- ‡Withdrawn from market
- Clinical trials:
- †Phase III
- §Never to phase III
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